TIME CLAUSES
Time clauses use the form of the present simple to refer to future time.
We´ll talk(the future tense) about it when you arrive(present time).
As soon as the film finishes we´ll go home.
I´ll wait until you are ready.
After we paint the wall we´ll have a rest.
I´ll have a lunch before I start work.
By the time we get there it´ll be dark.
Once the dog gets used to you, it won´t bark.
Whenever I feel depressed, I´ll call you.
Let me know the moment you see him.
Can you water the flowers while I am away?
Possible variations:
I´m going to travel the world before I get too old.
As soon as the lesson finishes, I´m leaving.
After she finishes school, she wants to go to university.
Time clauses emphasizing completion:
When the painters have finished the rooms, they´ll leave.
When I have finished my homework, I´ll take the dog out.
Don´t leave until we have settled the matter. (dokud není ta záležitost vyřešená)
Other time clauses:
When / After he had put (dokonavost) the phone down he started to laugh.
By the time they got to the station the train had left.
Hurry up! By the time we get to the station the train will have left.
(Just) as I was passing his house I heard a noise.
While I was having a bath, the phone rang.
Since they got married, they have moved house twice.
It´s (been) ages since I last drove a car.
We´ll wait until it gets dark / it has got dark.
TIME WORDS
TILL/ UNTIL × TO
I´ll wait till / until 5. I´ll wait till / until you come.
We have lunch break from 12 to / till 1.
TILL / UNTIL× BY
Hand in your essays by Friday. = lhůta, někdo odevzdá ve středu, pátek je lhůta
Stay here till 5. = continuing state
May I stay here till Monday?
STILL × YET × ALREADY
I think you are wrong. I still think you are wrong. = a continuing state
I can´t decide. I still can´t decide.
Is my coat dry yet?(už) Not yet?(ještě ne)
Is my coat dry already? = surprise – That´s quick.
in the past / at present (at the present time) / in the future
PRESENT TIME
What are you up to these days?
He´s out of work at the moment.
Nowadays (v souč.době) more women have carriers. = in contrast with what things used to be
He is currently having talks in China.
FUTURE TIME
!!! presently, shortly = soon
I´ll be with you presently. – směřováno do budoucnosti
- tomorrow, the day after tomorrow
- next Sunday, the Sunday after next
- see you later / afterwards / after that
- Come at 3. I´ll be free then. – v tu dobu
- One day I´ll be rich.
- What comes next ? Co přijde teď?
- They´ll take us over before long. – zanedlouho
- this time next week – touto dobou příští týden
- in an hour- za hodinu
- in two weeks (time) – za 2 týdny
- in the future – v budoucnosti × in future – pro příště – Be more careful in future.
PAST TIME
- yesterday, the day before yesterday
- last Sunday, the Sunday before last
- a week ago
- long ago – před dlouhou dobou
- once upon a time…there was a king
- in ancient times…people used to believe in ghosts; in the old days– v dávných dobách
- I lived there once. Kdysi jsem tam bydlel.
- I have only been there once (twice..). – jedenkrát
- this time last week
- we have met before / we have already met
- she lived there for 4 years – žila × she has lived there for 4 years – žije
- I´ve been feeling ill lately (pouze předpřít.čas) / recently (předpřít. i min.čas)
- I met them recently / the other day. – onehdy
- They met in 1980. He was a student then / in those days / at that time.
- earlier + jednod.min.čas – I made the dinner earlier, let´s warm it up.
- He met her one day in the park. – jednoho dne
At first / In the beginning I thought it was raining, but I was wrong. – ze začátku
×
At the beginning, at the end of a lesson means when the lesson begins or ends. – „techn. označení“
I´m afraid they´ll tear the house down in the end / eventually / finally.
At last the taxi has arrived. – konečně – suggests relief- úleva
Frequency: They seldom / hardly ever / rarely ask for my advice.
hourly – adj. / adv.:
She changes her mind hourly. = every hour (adv.)
There are hourly flights to London.
He is always / continually / constantly complaining. = zlobí nás to
Continual complaining = repeated constantly × continuous rain = without stopping
They arrived in time to rescue us.
×
We start at 9. Be on time.