System of education

British system of education

The British educational system consists of four basic levels. The first one is called primary education.  This level contains pre – schools and junior schools.

Pre – schools are represented mainly by kindergartens and by very similar infant schools. In these institutions children learn some basic counting, painting, songs. They are also getting to know the principles of social behavior there.

At the age of seven children start to attend junior school. This type of school is comparable to the first grade of our primary schools. Children learn writing, reading, counting and some basic facts about their country there.

There is one more type of school, called just first school. It’s something between pre – school and junior school, it’s for children from five to ten.

At the age of eleven children go to the second level of ed. system – secondary education. We distinguish three basic types of schools here. Comprehensive schools – they are large, pupils get general knowledge there. Similar are secondary modern schools. In grammar schools is education more academic. The system in these schools is based more on student’s abilities. At sixteen students are passing the GSCE – general certificate of secondary education zero level, which is the finishing examination of secondary ed. In the next two years they can pass the GCSE A, which allows them to go to university.

The third level is called further education. Into this level belong tertiary colleges, six-form colleges and the top two classes of grammar and comprehensive schools.

Higher education, the fourth level, contains mainly universities. After studies at universities students get Bachelor’s degree or Master’s degree, and further Ph.D.

Czech system of education

Czech children can start their education in nursery schools, which are for very small children from two to three years old. They are only playing and knowing other children there. From three to five children can attend kindergarten, which are divided into levels in line with their age. At the age of five each child has to pass a easy entrance exam to primary school – they ask them what their name are, where they live, to draw some easy picture. If some child doesn’t pass, it gets one-year delay.

Primary schools are divided into two levels – the first contains the first five classes for children from six to ten. The second, for children from eleven to fifteen, is represented by last four years of primary schools or by first four years of grammar school. Children don’t need to pass leaving exams at this level.

Secondary schools are represented by second four years of grammar school, by special or vocational school. To get into these schools students have to pass entrance exams. These schools are finished by the graduation exam.

Further education – universities. Everybody who wants to study at university has to pass enroll exams depending on the type of school. These schools are finished by big diploma work and by the final state examination. Bachelor, Master, Doctorate degree.

American school system

Is divided into various levels that follow one another like the rungs of a ladder.

Pre – elementary – developing of habits and skills

Elementary – self-contained classroom – children are taught by one teacher in one classroom.

• there is inequality – schools situated in a rich neighborhood get more money than that ones in poor neighborhoods

Secondary – junior and senior high schools are preparing students for their job or advanced studies. These schools are finished by graduation, after successful grad. exam students get diploma. Some of schools provide vocational courses for students, who want to get job immediately after graduation. Students who want to attend university or college have to pass SAT or AST final tests – students take them in the junior and senior grade, and they have another chance to do better.

• 9^th grade – freshman
• 10^th – sophmore
• 11^th – junior
• 12^th – senior

Higher ed. –    colleges – private, smaller classes, more dedicated, more expensive

• universities – public, cheaper, but not free, 1^st 2 years study everything and the last two specialize, students live in dorms
• after university get BS/BA degree and another 2 years take for Master’s degree
• after junior college get AA degree