RELATIVE CLAUSES(vztažné věty)
- DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
Is that the woman who / that wants to buy your car?
– animate noun( životné podst.jm.)
→The relative clause identifies the woman, it says which woman is meant.
This is the book that / which(subject- podmět) won the prize.
– inanimate noun
He´s a man whom(object) people(subject) like ar first sight.
This is very formal and used in written English,
-in spoken English, an object pronoun is left out:
He is a man people like at the first sight.
The people with whom he worked thought him rather strange. – WR.E.
The people he worked for thought him rather strange. – SP.E.
I´ve just spoken to the woman whose son broke our window.
We´re in a classroom the window of which look out on the heating plant. – formal
We´re in a classroom whose…
WHO × THAT
(animate) (inanimate)
„That“ is preferred after indefinite ponouns: few, all, much, little, only, superlatives, some(thing),
any(thing), no(thing), every(thing)
Tohle je něco, co mě překvapuje.
This is something that surprises me. – nesmíme použít “what“!!!
- NON – DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
I´ve just met Mrs.Parkinson, who sends her regards.
-informace navíc
– můžeme rozdělit: I´ve just met Mrs.Parkinson. She sends you her regards(by the way).
This relative clause doesn´t identify the person( She´s already been identified by her name). Such relative clause only adds some additional information. In writting it is separated by a comma, in speech by a pause.
Only who / which can be used and an object pronoun can´t be left out.
×
I´ve just met Mr. Brown.
Which Brown? – známe jich víc
Mr. Brown who lives next door.
My daughter who is 20 teaches biology. = mám víc dcer
My daughter,who is 20,teaches biology. = „who is 20“ – additional information – „by the way“- 1 dcera
Our house, which we bought five years ago, has a large garden.
The tall man, whom none of us recognized(object pronoun), turned out to be Pat´s husband.
She spoke about her latest book, of which none of us had heard.
, which none of us had heard of.
This is Jack, whose sister is staying with us.
It´s a family of five children, all of whom study medicine. (z nichž všichni)
I tried on five pairs of shoes, none of which fitted.
I watched the play till the end of the first act, at which moment(v kterémžto momentu) I felt I had seen enough.
WHEN, WHERE
This is the street where I live.
Come at 3, when I´ll have more time.
There is hardly a day when I don´t think of you.
We stopped in Brighton, where she owns a shop.
He tore up her photo, which upset her.
– this relative clause refers to the fact expressed in the preceding
sentence(komentář předcházející věty)
WHAT- nevztahuje se ke vztažným větám !!!
To, co říká, není pravda.
What he says is not true.
Nevím, co říká. – vv předmětná
I don´t know what he says.
Dodatky:
- Dají mu vše, co si bude přát. He will be given everything/ anything (that) he asks for.
- Will you be able to come? I wonder if you will be able to come. I´ll be interested to know if you are able to come.
- When will you come? – when – význam „kdy“
- × Let me know when you will come. – when – ve významu „až“
- The travellers(I) who knew about the floods (I) took another road.
bez čárky = those of the travellers who knew about it = it implies there were
also travellers who didn´t know about it
s čárkou = all of them knew about the floods