Czech Republic

Geography

Czech Republic lies in central Europe. It consists of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. Czech Republic has border in the south with Austria, in the north Poland, in the west Germany, in the east Slovakia. The capital city is Prague. The next big cities are Brno, Plzeň, Karlovy Vary, Liberec, Ostrava and Pardubice. Plzeň is famous for beer. Pardubice is famous for ginger bread. In Karlovy Vary is spa. The longest river is Vltava and the hydrousest river is Labe. And next rivers are Dyje, Odra, Berounka, Otava, Opava and Mže. Our country is mountainous. The mountains are Šumava, Krušné Hory, Karpaty, Orlické Hory and Krkonoše. The highest peak in our country is Sněžka in Krkonoše

 

 

 

 

History

The Great Moravian Empire was in 9. century, it was first state formation and it was very famous. In 863 came to great Moravia st. Constantiv and st. Method and they baptized people.

Saint Wenceslas was czech prince and main patron of Czech land. He founded a lot of churches. He was killed by his our brother an became the first martyr.

 

Charles IV. was most popular of czech kings. He developed our economy, founded Prague University and built Prague New Town. He also built the second oldest stone bridge charles Bridge in Prague.

 

In 15. century there was Hussitas movement. Hussitas were first protesters. Their leader was Jan Hus, he was burned to death.

 

Habsburk dominated since 1526 until 1918.  The best known kings of Habsburk were Ferdinand I., Karel VI. and Marie Terezie. Marie Terezie booted compulsory education.

 

Czechoslovakia originate in 1918. The first president was T. G. Masaryk. During the second World war we were occupied by Germens, in 1949 took power communist party and in August 1968 started occupation Czechoslovakia by Russians. In 1989 after the Velvet revolution we became to democratic country. In 1993 Czechoslovakia split into a two independence countries: Czech republic and Slovakia republic.

 

 

 

Sights

There are a lot of interesting and important sights in our country.

Písek
In Písek is the oldest stone brige from all Europe. This bridge is older then Chlarle´s bridge.  This bridge is in the gothic style with baroque statues and a cross

Chateau Březnice

Březnice is lovely chateau in central region with coleticions of well preserved furniture and paintings. Březnice chateau has got garden and english park. It is wonderful sample of renesance architecture.

 

 

Karlštejn

High Gothic castle flunder in 1348, which has a unique position among Czech castles. It was built by Czech King and roman Emperor Charles IV as a  place for safekeeping of royal treasures, especially Charles’s collection of holy relics and the coronation jewels of the Roman Empire.

 

The Macocha Gorge

The Macocha Gorge also known as the Macocha Abyss, is a gorge in the Moravan Karst cave system of the Czech Republic located north of the city of Brno near the town of Blansko. The Punkva River flows throught out it. It is a popular tourist attraction. The gorge is about 138 meters deep.

 

Spas:

Czech republic is popular for its spas. There are situated on the west part of Bohemia. Most popular are Karlovy Vary, Mariánské lázně and Františkovy Lázně. There are a lot of hot springs there.

 

 

 

 

Climate and population

Czech Republic lies on continental climate. We have four season, spring, summer, autumn and winter. Czech population forms Czechs, Slovaks, Poles, Germans, Ukrainians, Chineses, and Gypsies. We have sometimes a troubles with Gypsies. National language is the Czech language.

 

 

 

Natural Resources

The Czech Republic is heavily dependent on imported oil and natural gas. Large deposits of lignite, the country´s main domestic source of energy, are found near the cities of Chomutov, Most, Karlovy Vary, Teplice and České Budějovice. Coal is found near Ostrava, Plzeň and Kladno. Sizable uranium deposits and smaller deposits of mercury, antimony and tin are located in the Ore Mountains. There are also small amounts of lead and zinc ore in central Bohemia, and iron ore near Prague. Some 34 per cent of the country is forested. The Bohemian Forest is an importatn source of timber.

Agriculture: Land in Czech Republic is cultivated. The principal crops are barley, wheat, corn, rye, sugar  beets, potatoes and hops. In Czech Republic are livestock animals including fowl, pigs and sheep