Typy společnosti v USA a Velké Británii – anglicky

COMPANIES

Companies in UK and USA

Public limited companies (plc)

• many large businesses in the UK are in this companies, which means that the public can buy and sell their shares on the stock exchange. The minimum share capital for a public limited company is ₤ 50,000. In the USA we use the term open corporation.

Private Limited Company  (UK) Ltd.

• A company can be formed with a minimum of two people becoming its shareholders. They must appoint a director and a company secretary. If the company goes out of business, the responsibility of each shareholder is limited to the amount that they have contributed, they have limited liability. Such company had Ltd after its name.

Sole Trader or Sole Proprietor

• represents the simplest way of starting a business. You are self-employed and responsible for all aspects of the management of you business.

Partnership

• two or more people starting a business together can set up a partnership. All partners are responsible for the debts of the partnership, and profits and losses are shared between them.

Companies in Czech republic

Joint stock company

• can be founded by one entity by a founder´s deed, or by two or more person who sign a founding agreement. The minimum value of its registered capital has to be 2,0 mil. CZK and is dividend into a particular number of shares of a particular nominal value.
• a joint stock company can be founded in one of the following ways:
• by the founders themselves (if they pay up registered capital)
• by a subscription for shares.

Limited liability company

• is type of company whose partner´s don´t manage the company directly, but each of them is co-owner who is liable for the debts of the company up to the amount of his/her commercial share. The company is a legal entity which can be founded by one person and may have maximum of 50 members. The registered capital has to be CZK 200,000 and the minimum contribution of each single partner has to be CZK 20,000. Its supreme body is the general meeting, while the running of the company is in the competence of managers who are appointed by the general meeting and report to the supervisory board.

Limited partnership (k.s.)

• the main feature is the existence of two types of partners with different rights and obligations. The liability of general partners is unlimited, but they are the only ones who manage the company. The liability of each limited partner is limited to the amount of his/her contribution. No limited partner can act on behalf of the organization, but is entitled to control its finance. The profits are also divided into two parts, the first of which is distributed among the general partners equally, while the other part proportionately to the contributions. The Czech abbreviation is s.

General commercial partnership (v.o.s.)

• may be founded by two individuals or legal entities on condition that there are no less than two founders who are liable for the debts of the company with all their property and their rights in the decision-making are equal. The distribution of profits is also equal. The Czech abbreviation, which follows after the name of the company, is o.s.

Cooperative

• in the Czech republic, cooperatives are legal entities which can be founded by at least five natural persons or two legal entities for the purpose of carrying out business activities of for satisfying the economic, social to other needs of their members (e.g. housing). The number of member is not restricted. The member´s meeting appoints the managing board and the audit commission. The registered capital consists of all the membership contribution.